Ergonomic earpiece and attachments

ABSTRACT

An earpiece that substantially lacks a lower lobe is disclosed. In one example, the earpiece can have a generally arcuate rib having upper and lower ends. A lobe can be formed at the upper end of the arcuate rib. No lobe is formed at the lower end of the arcuate rib. An extension can extend from the earpiece and can be configured to extend into the ear canal. Eliminating the lower lobe mitigates discomfort during use and also reduces the likelihood of tissue damage and infection. The extension can enhance communication of desired sound, e.g., from a two-way radio, to an eardrum while mitigating communication of undesirable ambient noise to the eardrum. Other implementations and related methods are also disclosed.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/852,179 filed on Aug. 6, 2010, which is acontinuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/236,969 filed onSep. 27, 2005, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 60/613,742 filed on Sep. 27, 2004.

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/411,314 filed on Apr. 26, 2006, which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/247,105filed on Oct. 11, 2005.

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/872,324 filed on Oct. 15, 2007, which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/411,314filed on Apr. 26, 2006, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/247,105 filed on Oct. 11, 2005.

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/869,517 filed on Oct. 9, 2007, which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/411,314filed on Apr. 26, 2006, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/247,105 filed on Oct. 11, 2005.

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/868,720 filed on Oct. 8, 2007, which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/411,314filed on Apr. 26, 2006, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/247,105 filed on Oct. 11, 2005.

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/696,987 filed on Apr. 5, 2007. U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/696,987 is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/618,344 filed on Dec. 29, 2006, and is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/411,314filed on Apr. 26, 2006.

The entire contents of all of the above-mentioned patent applicationsare hereby expressly incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The present invention relates generally to earpieces such as those usedby security, law enforcement, and military personnel to facilitatelistening to two-way radios, and those used by consumers in headsets forused with mobile phones, music devices, and other devices. The presentinvention relates more particularly to an ergonomic earpiece andattachments for the ergonomic earpiece.

2. Related Art

Earpieces for use by security, law enforcement, and military personnelare well known. Such earpieces fit into the concha bowl of the ear andfacilitate listening to two-way radios and the like. Contemporaryearpieces typically comprise a generally arcuate rib connected to agenerally vertical rib so as to define a D shape. A top lobe is formedat the top, near where the generally arcuate rib and the generallyvertical rib intersect. Similarly, a bottom lobe is formed at thebottom, near where the generally arcuate rib and the generally verticalrib intersect.

In many instances, when the generally arcuate rib is too large for theconcha, the generally arcuate rib bends and forces the lower lobeagainst the ear. The lower lobe can rub the ear, causing pain andsometimes even tissue damage and/or infection. Such contemporaryearpieces also suffer from various disadvantages regarding theireffectiveness and their ability to fit a wide range of ear sizes andconfigurations. For example, contemporary earpieces are not as effectiveas desired with respect to delivering desired sounds to the eardrumwhile preventing other sounds (ambient sounds such as noise) fromreaching the eardrum.

In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide an earpiece andattachments for the earpiece that enhance its fit while providing asecure engagement with the user's ear. It is also desirable to providean earpiece and attachments for the earpiece that enhance the ability ofthe earpiece to deliver desired sounds to the eardrum while preventingother sounds from reaching the eardrum.

SUMMARY

According to an embodiment, an earpiece substantially lacking a lowerlobe is disclosed. The earpiece can have a smooth bend instead of thelower lobe of contemporary earpieces. That is, the lower lobe can beeither completely or partially absent. In this manner, disadvantagesassociated with the lower lobe can be mitigated, while still providingan earpiece that functions as desired.

According to an embodiment, the earpiece can have a generally arcuaterib having upper and lower ends. A lobe can be formed at the upper endof the rib, while no lobe is formed at the lower end of the rib. Anextension can extend from the earpiece some distance into the user's earcanal.

According to an embodiment, a method can comprise providing an earpiecegenerally comprising a generally arcuate rib having upper and lowerends. A lobe can be formed at the upper end of the rib, while no lobe isformed at the lower end of the rib. The method can further compriseattaching an extension to the earpiece such that the extension protrudesfrom the earpiece and extends into the user's ear canal.

According to an embodiment, a method can comprise placing an earpiece inthe concha of a user's ear. The earpiece can comprise a generallyarcuate rib having upper and lower ends, with a lobe formed at the upperend of the rib. No lobe is formed at the lower end of the rib. Themethod can further comprise placing an extension attached to theearpiece into the user's ear canal.

One or more embodiments of an earpiece can enhance comfort during use byeliminating or substantially reducing the lower lobe. Thus, a potentialsource of discomfort, irritation, pain, tissue damage, and eveninfection is mitigated. The scope of the invention is defined by theclaims, which are incorporated into this section by reference. A morecomplete understanding of embodiments of the present invention will beafforded to those skilled in the art, as well as a realization ofadditional advantages thereof, by a consideration of the followingdetailed description of one or more embodiments. Reference will be madeto the appended sheets of drawings that will first be described briefly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view of the inboard (toward the head) side of acontemporary left earpiece having a lower lobe (the opposite or outboardside being substantially the same as the inboard side, but lacking theprotrusion that goes into the ear), according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2A is a side view of the inboard side of a left earpiece that has asmooth bend where the lower lobe of a contemporary earpiece is locatedand thus substantially lacks the lower lobe, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2B is a side view of the outboard side of the left earpiece of FIG.2A, showing the bore in dashed lines, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2C is a bottom view of the left earpiece of FIG. 2A, showing thebore in dashed lines, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the left earpiece of FIGS. 2A-2Cattached to acoustic tubing via a barbed fitting and having a speakeralso attached to the acoustic tubing, wherein the speaker has a plug forattachment to a two-way radio, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an earpiece having a flanged extension,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the extension of the earpiece of FIG. 4,wherein the extension is removed from the earpiece, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternative configuration of theextension of FIG. 5, wherein openings are formed in the flanges thereof,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another alternative configuration of theextension of FIG. 5, wherein openings are formed in the stem thereof,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the extension of FIG. 5, showing aFlocks filter inserted therein, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the earpiece of FIG. 4, wherein the extensionis removed therefrom, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the earpiece of FIG. 4, showing the aperturetherein with dashed lines, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an earpiece having a flanged extension,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the extension of the earpiece of FIG.11 wherein the extension is removed from the earpiece, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the earpiece of FIG. 4 having acoustictubing attached thereto, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the extension of FIG. 8, showing theHocks filter exploded therefrom and also showing a flexible skin (dashedlines) formed partially thereover, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an extension having three flanges,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an extension having four flanges,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a foam, fiber, or fabric extension,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 18 is a side view of a foam, fiber, or fabric extension having asound transmissive bore fowled therethrough, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 19 is a side view of a tapered foam, fiber, or fabric extension,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 20 is a side view of an extension that in use is not insertedsubstantially into the ear canal, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of two earpieces with extensions having alanyard interconnecting them, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a configuration of the extension ofFIG. 5, wherein a plurality of rings are formed upon a portion of thestem of the extension to facilitate adjustment of the length thereofthat extends into a user's ear canal, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of another configuration of the extensionof FIG. 5, wherein threads are formed upon a portion of the stem of theextension to facilitate adjustment of the length thereof that extendsinto a user's ear canal, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 24 is a perspective view of another configuration of the extensionof FIG. 5, wherein bumps are formed upon a portion of the stem of theextension to facilitate adjustment of the length thereof that extendsinto a user's ear canal and also showing a Hocks filter inserted into abore of the extension to inhibit loud noises from reaching the eardrum,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of the extension of FIG. 11, wherein theextension is removed from the earpiece and has bumps formed upon a stemthereof, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of an earpiece attached to an extension,wherein attachments, e.g., o-rings, can be added to the extension so asto vary the fit of the extension within the ear canal according to anembodiment;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the earpiece, extension, and o-rings ofFIG. 26, wherein the o-rings have been added to the extension and aredisposed beneath flanges of the extension, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 28 is a front view of the upper portion of an example of a cableassembly, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 29 is a front view of the lower portion of an example of a cableassembly, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 30 is a front view of a stereo cable assembly, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 31 is a top view of an o-ring, such as those of FIG. 26, providingdimensions thereof, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 31,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional side view of an attachment having anon-circular minor cross-section, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional side view of an attachment having two flatsides, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional side view of the attachment of FIG. 34attached beneath the innermost flange of the extension thereof,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 36 is a perspective view of an earpiece assembly, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 37 is a perspective view of the earpiece assembly of FIG. 36,showing the flanged extension and housing exploded away from theearpiece and showing a microphone/speaker in dashed lines within thehousing, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 38 is an enlarged perspective view of the earpiece of FIG. 36,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 39 is an enlarged perspective view of the extension of FIG. 36,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 40 is an enlarged perspective view of the housing of FIG. 36,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 41 is a perspective view of an earpiece assembly having a boommicrophone attached to the housing thereof, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 42 shows a human ear with some anatomical structures labeled andwith examples of grab points for an earpiece labeled, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 43 is a side view of the outboard (away from the head) side of aleft earpiece that lacks a lower lobe, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 44 is a bottom view of the left earpiece of FIG. 43, according toan embodiment;

FIG. 45 is a side view of the inboard (toward from the head) side of theleft earpiece of FIG. 43, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 46 is a top view of the left earpiece of FIG. 43, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 47 is a back view of the left earpiece of FIG. 43, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 48 is a front view of the left earpiece of FIG. 43, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 49 is a front-left-bottom perspective view of an earpiece,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 50 is a front-left-top perspective view of the earpiece of FIG. 49,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 51 is a rear-left-top perspective view of the earpiece of FIG. 49,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 52 is a rear plan view of the earpiece of FIG. 49, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 53 is a front plan view of the earpiece of FIG. 49, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 54 is a left side elevation view of the earpiece of FIG. 49,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 55 is a right side elevation view of the earpiece of FIG. 49,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 56 is a top side elevation view of the earpiece of FIG. 49,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 57 is a bottom side elevation view of the earpiece of FIG. 49,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 58 is a front-left-top perspective view of an example of anattachment for the earpiece of FIG. 49, where the attachment mayrepresent a portion of a communications cable, a wirelesstelecommunications device (e.g., a wireless audio headphone or aBluetooth® headset with headphone and microphone), an audio headphone(e.g., an earbud), an earplug, or other type of device configured tomate with the earpiece, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 59 is a front-right-top perspective view of the example attachmentof FIG. 58, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 60 is a left side elevational view of the example attachment ofFIG. 58, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 61 is a front plan view of the example attachment of FIG. 58,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 62 is a rear plan view of the example attachment of FIG. 58,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 63 is a front-left-bottom perspective view of the earpiece of FIG.49 along with a portion of a front-left-top perspective view of theexample attachment of FIG. 58 coupled thereto, according to anembodiment;

FIG. 64 is a bottom side elevational view of the earpiece of FIG. 49along with a portion of a left side elevational view of the exampleattachment of FIG. 58 coupled thereto, according to an embodiment; and

FIG. 65 is a front plan view of the earpiece of FIG. 49 along with aportion of front plan view of the example attachment of FIG. 58 coupledthereto, according to an embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention and their advantages are bestunderstood by referring to the detailed description that follows. Itshould be appreciated that like reference numerals are used to identifylike elements illustrated in one or more of the figures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The discomfort associated with wearing contemporary earpieces can be asubstantial disadvantage. Not only can the discomfort be a motivationfor removing the earpiece, but it can be a dangerous distraction.Because of the discomfort, a wearer may consciously or unconsciouslymanipulate the earpiece in an attempt to relieve the discomfort that itcauses. In doing this, the wearer can be distracted. As those skilled inthe art will appreciate, such a distraction can be very dangerous tosecurity, law enforcement, and military personnel. Many times, it isimportant that such people give their full attention to theirenvironment, since their lives may very well depend upon their abilityto do so. Any distraction can have severe consequences.

For example, if an earpiece is used that is too large for the ear, thenthe generally arcuate rib can collapse as the oversized earpiece isforced into the ear. When the generally arcuate rib collapses, then thelower lobe can torque, twist, bend or otherwise move or deform in amanner that can cause discomfort, pain, and/or tissue damage,particularly with prolonged usage. It is desirable to provide anearpiece that does not rub the ear, even when the generally arcuate ribbends substantially because the generally arcuate rib is too large forthe ear.

Furthermore, contemporary earpieces can be ineffective at providing asecure fit within the user's ear and at providing desired sounds to theeardrum. Contemporary earpieces can also be ineffective at reducing thelevel of undesired sound before it reaches the eardrum.

Methods and systems are described herein for providing earpieces thatbetter fit the user's ear, are more comfortable, better provide desiredsounds to the eardrum, and better prevent undesired sounds from reachingthe eardrum Embodiments of various earpieces are discussed herein withreference to the figures. In one embodiment, an earpiece can beconfigured to be captured by protrusions of the concha. For example, theearpiece can be configured to be captured at least partially by theantihelix of the ear and/or other anatomical structures of the ear thatare proximate or within the concha bowl. In this manner, the earpiece isheld securely in place during use.

In the present disclosure, various earpieces and other features aredescribed and set forth with regard to several embodiments. It iscontemplated that features of the disclosed embodiments may be combinedin any manner as may be desired for various applications andimplementations.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a contemporary earpiece 10 comprises agenerally arcuate rib 11 and a generally vertical rib 12. An upper lobe15 (e.g., also referred to as a top lobe) is formed at the top, nearwhere the generally arcuate rib 11 and the generally vertical rib 12intersect. Similarly, a lower lobe 16 (e.g., also referred to as abottom lobe) is formed at the bottom, typically near where the generallyarcuate rib 11 and the generally vertical rib 12 intersect. This lowerlobe 16 is captured between the tragus 505 and the antitragus 504, whilethe top lobe is captured by the crus 506 of the helix 507 and theantihelix 510 (see FIG. 42). A protrusion 20 (also referred to as astem) extends away from the generally vertical rib 12 and is configuredto enter the ear canal 509 (see FIG. 42). A bore 21 formed in theprotrusion 20 transmits sound to a point proximate the eardrum. Acoustictubing attaches to the contemporary earpiece 10 such that a generallycontiguous sound channel is formed by the acoustic tubing and bore 21.

As mentioned above, in many instances, the generally arcuate rib 11 canbe too large for the concha. In such instances generally arcuate rib 11bends and thereby urges lower lobe 16 against the ear. The pressure oflower lobe 16 against the ear as it presses between the tragus 505 andthe antitragus 504 can cause discomfort. During extended wear, thisgenerally constant pressure can become substantially painful. It canresult in tissue damage that can cause further pain. Infection can evenresult.

It has previously been thought that lower lobe 16 was necessary tomaintain an earpiece, such as contemporary earpiece 10, securely withinthe wearer's ear. However, as discussed herein, the present disclosureprovides various embodiments in which an earpiece may be provided thatlacks the lower lobe, yet remains securely within the wearer's ear evenduring intense physical activity.

Referring now to FIGS. 2A-2C, according to one or more embodiments, anearpiece 13 may be provided wherein the lower lobe (such as lower lobe16 of the contemporary earpiece 10 of FIG. 1), is omitted. Rather,instead of such a lower lobe, a smooth rounded surface 17 (e.g., asmooth bend) may be provided in earpiece 13. The smooth rounded surface17 does not extend substantially away from the intersection of thegenerally arcuate rib 11 and the generally vertical rib 12 in the mannerthat a lower lobe does, and thus does not extend substantially into thespace between the tragus 505 and the antitragus 504.

According to an embodiment, when earpiece 13 is used in an ear where thegenerally arcuate rib 11 is too large for the ear (does not fit withinthe concha without substantial deformation), the generally arcuate rib11 merely bends or collapses without adverse affect. Since there is nolower lobe, there is consequently no pressure on the antitragus 504 andthe tragus 505, no rubbing, and no cause of discomfort.

Thus, in an exemplary embodiment the earpiece 13 can comprise agenerally arcuate rib 11 having upper and lower ends, a generallyvertical rib 12 extending substantially between the upper and lowerends, and an upper lobe 15 formed at the upper end of the generallyarcuate rib 11. A smooth rounded surface 17 can be formed at the lowerend of the generally arcuate rib 11. The earpiece 13 can be configuredto be generally shaped like a D. However, those skilled in the art willappreciate that other embodiments are likewise suitable. For example,either the generally vertical rib 12 or the generally arcuate rib 11 canbe modified substantially or omitted.

The earpiece 13 can further comprise a protrusion 20 having a bore 21formed therethrough. The protrusion 20 can be configured to extend atleast partially into the ear canal 509. The bore can transmit sound,such as from a two-way radio, to the wearer's eardrum.

The earpiece 13 can be formed of a resilient polymer. For example, inone embodiment, the earpiece 13 can be formed of a resilient polymerhaving a Shore A durometer of between 35 and 45. More particularly, theearpiece 13 can be formed of a resilient polymer having a Shore Adurometer of approximately 40. Alternatively, in another embodiment, theearpiece 13 can be formed of a more rigid material.

In various exemplary embodiments, the generally arcuate rib 11 can bendto accommodate a wide range of ear sizes. For example, the generallyarcuate rib 11 can collapse so as to accommodate a range of ear sizes.Such collapsing of the earpiece 13 is made substantially morecomfortable by the lack or partial lack of the lower lobe. That is, asthe generally arcuate rib 11 collapses, there is no lower lobe or notenough lower lobe to torque, twist, bend, or otherwise move or deform ina manner that can cause discomfort.

One embodiment of the earpiece 13 can be configured to fit at leastextra large sized ears. Similarly, one embodiment of the earpiece 13 canbe configured to fit at least extra large sized ears and large sizedears. Moreover, a single embodiment of the earpiece 13 can be configuredto fit most adult ears. For example, the earpiece 13 can be configuredto fit at least 70% of ears of men between 19 and 40 years old. Bendingof the generally arcuate rib 11 and lack of the lower lobe cooperate tofacilitate the fitting of such a large range of sizes.

At least one embodiment comprises a portable communication systemcomprising a radio and also comprising earpiece 13 having a smoothrounded surface 17 instead of a lower lobe, as described above. Further,one or more embodiments can be used in applications other than security,law enforcement, and military applications. For example, one or moreembodiments can be used with cellular telephones, portable music devices(such as iPods®, CD players, MP3 players, cassette players, or othertypes), and other mobile devices. In such applications, a speaker can bein acoustic communication with the bore 21 of the earpiece 13 viaacoustic tubing or the like. Alternatively, a speaker can be attacheddirectly to the earpiece 13, such as by mounting the speaker to theearpiece 13 or by placing the speaker inside or partially inside of theearpiece 13.

The earpiece 13 can also be used as a sound attenuating earplug, such asby configuring the protrusion 20 to seal or partially seal the ear.Alternatively, a member that seals or partially seals the ear can beadded to the earpiece 13.

Since less material is used (because a portion of the earpiece 13 isreduced in size or eliminated), the earpiece 13 can be less expensive tomanufacture. Since such earpieces 13 may be frequently purchased inbulk, such cost savings can be substantial. Further, since a singleearpiece 13 fits a greater range of ear sizes, fewer earpieces 13 needto be inventoried by law enforcement departments and the like. Suchreduction in inventory may save such agencies substantial money.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the earpiece 13 can be attached to acoustictubing 32, such as via a barbed fitting 31. A strap 33 can be used tosecure acoustic tubing 32 to a wearer's clothing, such as via a clip 34.A speaker 35 converts electrical signals received via electrical cable37 from a two-way radio 41 into sound that is transmitted to the eardrumvia acoustic tubing 32 and via bore 21 (see FIGS. 2A-2C) of the earpiece13. A plug 38 can be used to connect electrical cable 37 to two-wayradio 41.

According to various embodiments, an earpiece assembly can have aflanged extension that is suitable for use as hearing protection, issuitable for facilitating listening to a two-way radio or the like, oris suitable for providing a combination of hearing protection and suchlistening. One or more embodiments can comprise a solid extension so asto substantially attenuate ambient sound. Alternatively, one or moreembodiments can comprise a hollow or partially hollow extension to allowat least some ambient sound or sound from a radio to pass therethrough.

According to one embodiment, an earpiece is held in place by anatomicalstructures of the ear and the earpiece holds the extension in placewithin the ear canal 509. That is, the earpiece prevents the extensionfrom loosening or falling out of the ear canal 509. According to oneembodiment, the earpiece positions a sound port at the distal end of theextension near the eardrum so that the volume of a two-way radio can bereduced. That is, the earpiece determines how far into the ear theextension extends.

Various combinations of sound attenuation and sound transmission may beprovided. For example, a hollow or partially hollow extension may beconfigured so as to substantially attenuate some ambient sound (such aspotentially harmful loud noise), while allowing some ambient sound (suchas voices) to be heard. Optionally, the extension can comprise one ormore openings that allow a substantial portion of ambient sound to beheard, while also allowing radio communications to be heard. Optionally,a filter may be used to selectively allow sounds to be heard.

Referring now to FIGS. 4, 5, 9, and 10, one exemplary embodimentcomprises an earpiece 111 to which an extension 112 (also referred to asan insert and an ear insert) is attached. Earpiece 111 is configured tobe disposed in the concha of the outer ear. Extension 112 is configuredto be disposed within the ear canal 509.

In one embodiment, earpiece 111 can have a generally D shapedconfiguration. Earpiece 111 can comprise a generally arcuate rib 113that has upper and lower ends. Generally arcuate rib 113 can be attachedto a generally vertical rib 114 at the upper and lower ends of generallyarcuate rib 113. An upper lobe 116 can be formed proximate wheregenerally arcuate rib 113 and generally vertical rib 114 join at the topof earpiece 111. A smooth curve 117 can be formed proximate wheregenerally arcuate rib 113 and generally vertical rib 114 join at thebottom of earpiece 111, or if necessary a lower lobe could be formed toengage the tragus 505 and antitragus 504.

Earpiece 111 is configured to be disposed and held in place within theconcha of a human ear. More particularly, the crus 506 of the helix 507and the antihelix 510 of a wearer's ear cooperate to capture upper lobe116. The antihelix 510 and the antitragus 504 cooperate to capturegenerally arcuate rib 113. Thus, earpiece 111 is configured to becaptured by protrusions of the concha. In this manner, earpiece 111 isheld firmly in place within the concha and can therefore maintainextension 112 in a desired position within the ear canal 509.

Extension 112 can be either removably or permanently attached toearpiece 111. Extension 112 can be removably attached to earpiece 111 byfriction fit, by detents, by threads, or by any other desired means. Forexample, extension 112 can be friction fit to earpiece 111 by sizing aproximal portion 121 (see FIG. 5) of extension 112 so as to fit tightlywithin an aperture 161 (also referred to as an opening or a hole) ofearpiece 111 (see FIG. 9).Extension 112 can be permanently attached toearpiece 111 by adhesive bonding, ultrasonic welding, or by any otherdesired means. Alternatively, extension 112 can be integrally formed toearpiece 111, such as by injection molding earpiece 111 and extension112 within a common mold cavity. Thus, earpiece 111 and extension 112can be formed either integrally or separately.

Earpiece 111 and extension 112 can be formed of a soft, resilientmaterial to enhance comfort during use. Both earpiece 111 and extension112 can be formed of the same material. For example, earpiece 111 andextension 112 can be formed of a resilient polymer, such as siliconrubber. For example, in one embodiment, earpiece 111 and extension 112can be formed of a material having a Shore A durometer of between 35 and45, such as a Shore A durometer of approximately 40. Alternatively, inanother embodiment, the earpiece 13 can be formed of a more rigidmaterial.

In one embodiment, earpiece 111 functions as a stop to prevent extension112 from being inserted too far into the ear. In one embodiment,earpiece 111 also prevents extension 112 from being inadvertentlyremoved or loosened from the ear. In one embodiment, the length ofextension 112 determines, at least in part, how close the tip thereof ispositioned with respect to the eardrum.

With particular reference to FIG. 5, according to one embodiment theextension 112 comprises a stem 115 and two flanges, 118 and 119 (e.g.,also referred to as flanged members). Extension 112 can comprise anydesired number of flanges, including no flanges at all, as discussed infurther detail herein. Stem 115 can either be solid (so as tosubstantially block sound) or hollow (so as to substantially transmitsound). Stem 115 can also be partially hollow (so as to selectivelytransmit sound).

Stem 115 can bend such that it angles upwardly to conform to the upwardangle of the ear canal 509. For example, in one embodiment, stem 115 canbend such that it angles upwardly at an angle, angle A, of approximately30°. In one embodiment, the distance between the proximal end ofextension 112 and the distal end of outer flange 119, dimension B, canbe approximately 0.545 inch. In one embodiment, the distance between theproximal end of extension 112 and the point where a filter (such as aHocks filter) ends, dimension C, can be approximately 0.304 inch. In oneembodiment, the distance between the proximal end of extension 112 andthe bend in stem 115, dimension D, can be approximately 0.680 inch. Inone embodiment, the distance between the proximal end of extension 112and a distal end of inner flange 118, dimension E, can be approximately0743 inch. In one embodiment, the distance between the proximal end ofextension 112 and the distal end of inner flange 118, dimension F, canbe approximately 0.870 inch.

In one embodiment, the diameter of stem 115 can be approximately 0.189inch. Stem 115 can optionally have a bore 122 formed therethrough. Inone embodiment, bore 122 can have a diameter of approximately 0.094inch. In one embodiment, outer flange 119 can have a radius ofapproximately 0.241 inch. Similarly, in one embodiment, inner flange 118can have a radius of approximately 0.193 inch. Thus, the radius of innerflange 118 can be substantially less than the radius of outer flange119, so as to better accommodate the manner in which the ear canal 509becomes narrower as it gets deeper.

The exemplary angle and dimensions discussed above provide a singleextension 112 that is suitable for use with a large number ofindividuals. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that otherdimensions are likewise suitable.

The distal end 125 of bore 122 defines a sound output port 126 (seeFIGS. 5 and 12). Extension 112 is configured such that sound output port126 is positioned proximate the wearer's eardrum. That is, extension 112can be configured so as to position a distal end 125 thereof proximatethe eardrum. In this manner, sound transmitted through bore 122 (such assound from a two-way radio), is brought close to the eardrum such thatthe volume of the sound required can be substantially reduced. Forexample, the extension can position sound output port 126 within one,two, or three millimeters of the eardrum. In one embodiment, theextension can have a length of approximately ½ inch. In one embodiment,the extension can have a length of ⅝ inch or more.

Adjustment of the position of the distal end 125, as well as of theflanges 118 and 119, facilitates enhanced fitting of the earpiece 111.In this manner, comfort is enhanced. Because comfort is enhanced, a useris more likely to wear the earpiece 111. A better fit allows earpiece111 to be worn for longer periods of time for both communications andhearing protection. A better fit also substantially reduces thelikelihood of tissue damage to the ear caused by the earpiece 111.

A head 123 can be formed upon the proximal end of stem 115 so as toenhance friction with respect to aperture 161 of earpiece 111 and/or soas to define detents that tend to keep extension 112 attached toearpiece 111. Bevels 124 can optionally be formed upon head 123 tobetter facilitate insertion of head 123 through aperture 161. The head123 can be positioned within the aperture 161 (FIGS. 9 and 10) of theearpiece 111 or can be pushed entirely therethrough and thus be positionon the outward side of earpiece 111.

The extension 112 may comprise a flanged extension, having flanges 118and 119 as shown in FIGS. 5-8 and 11-14, or may be a non-flangedextension. In one embodiment, the flanges 118 and 119 generally fill(close off) the ear canal 509 and tend to block ambient sound. Althoughsometimes it is desirable to block ambient sound, other times, it isdesirable for the user to hear ambient sound. Thus, the flanges 118 and119 can have one or more openings 131 formed therein, as discussedherein. Although two flanges 118 and 119 are shown, the extension 112may comprise more or less flanges. For example, the extension 112 maycomprise three, four, five, six, or more flanges, or no flanges. Theflanges 118 and 119 need not be identical, but rather may vary in size,shape, orientation and/or positions of attachment to the stem 115, forexample.

The extension 112 can have a bore 122 formed therethrough to facilitatethe transmission of sound from a speaker (such as via acoustic tubingconnected to the speaker) to the user's eardrum. Alternatively, theextension 112 can lack such a bore, so as to define an earplug, such asfor attenuating ambient sound. Indeed, the bore 122 and/or openings 131in the stem 115 and/or flanges 118 and 119 can be configured so as toselectively transmit and block desired sounds. Such selectivity can bebased upon the frequency and/or intensity of the sound.

A user can wear one earpiece 111 having an extension 112 with a bore 122and one earpiece 111 lacking a bore 122. The earpiece having anextension 112 with a bore 122 facilitates listening to a radio, whilethe earpiece 111 having an extension 112 without a bore 122 at leastpartially blocks distracting and/or potentially harmful ambient sound.

Referring now to FIG. 6, flanges, 118 and 119 of extension 112 canoptionally have one or more openings 131 formed therein. For example,each flange, 118 and 119, can have one, two, three, or four openings 131formed therein. Openings 131 can be holes. Alternatively, the openings131 can be cutouts, such as notches formed in the flanges 118 and 119.The openings 131 allow at least some ambient sound to better reach theuser's eardrum.

Such openings 131 may be desirable when an embodiment is intended tofacilitate listening to a two-way radio and when it is also desirable tohear ambient sound. For example, such openings 131 may be desirable inpolice applications where a police officer is required to hear both thetwo-way radio and face-to-face conversations.

Referring now to FIG. 7, one or more openings 141 can be formed in stem115, such as intermediate or proximate flanges 118 and 119. A curablepolymer material suitable for use in the ear canal 509 can be injectedinto the tube such that it substantially fills the tube and/or at leastsome space between the flanges 118 and 119. That is, the injectedpolymer material extrudes from the openings 141 and tends to fill in thespace intermediate the flanges 118 and 119. This injection may beaccomplished with the extension inserted into a wearer's ear canal 509,so as to provide a custom fit. Alternatively, this injection may beperformed using an artificial ear canal, such as for mass production.

Silicon rubber may be used as the extrudable material. Generally, anyextrudable material suitable for use as earplugs can be used. In thisfashion, attenuation of ambient sound is enhanced. Such earplugs aresuitable for use in gun ranges and noisy industrial environments.

The opening at the distal end of the tube can optionally be closed toprevent leakage of the injected polymer material therefrom. A skin maybe formed over the flanged extension to trap the polymer material and/orto facilitate easier insertion into the ears. Alternatively, theopenings 141 can be omitted and the central bore of the tube can stillbe filled with polymer material to attenuate sound.

Referring now to FIG. 8, a filter 151 can be inserted into bore 122 toselectively mitigate sound exposure. For example, a Flocks filter can beused to mitigate exposure to louder sounds, while still allowing awearer to hear quieter sounds, such as speech.

Referring now to FIGS. 9 and 10, an earpiece 111 that is configured foruse in the left ear is shown with the extension 112 removed therefrom.Generally arcuate rib 113 and generally vertical rib 114 generallydefine a D shape. When a mirror image of generally arcuate rib 113 andgenerally vertical rib 114 are configured for use in the right ear, areverse (mirror image) generally D shape is similarly defined.

In one embodiment, for a medium size earpiece, the height, dimension G,can be approximately 1.087 inch and the width, dimension H, can beapproximately 0.802 inch. In one embodiment, for a large size earpiece,the height, dimension G, can be approximately 1.150 inch and the width,dimension H, is approximately 0.850 inch.

In various embodiments, an earpiece 111 can optionally be used withoutan extension 112. The number of flanges 118 and 119, as well as theconfiguration of the flanges 118 and 119, can be varied to provide adesired balance of intensity of ambient sound and sound from the radio.The configuration of the flanges 118 and 119 can include the thicknessthereof and the presence of openings 131 therein. This balance candepend upon the environment in which the earpiece 111/extension 112 isbeing used and can also depend upon the wearer's preference.

Referring now to FIGS. 11 and 12, outer flange 119 can optionally beomitted. Indeed, as mentioned above, extension 112 can comprise anydesired number of flanges, including no flanges. In some instances, asingle flange may perform adequately. This is particularly true when itis desirable to allow the wearer to hear ambient sound. Omitting theother flange(s) better allows ambient sound to be heard. In someapplications, the primary reason for wearing the earpiece 111 may be toallow the wearer to better hear radio communications. Positioning outputport 126 close to the eardrum accomplishes this goal.

Referring now to FIG. 13, an acoustic tube 1100 can be attached toearpiece 111 and/or extension 112 such that a generally continuous boreis defined through which sound can travel from a speaker to the eardrum.A barbed metal or plastic fitting can be used to accomplish suchattachment. Other methods of attachment, such as the use of adhesivebonding and/or ultrasonic welding, are likewise suitable.

Since the distal end 125 of extension 112 can be placed close to awearer's eardrum, the volume of a two-way radio or other device (such asa cellular telephone, music device, or other device) can besubstantially reduced. With the volume reduced, sound advantageouslycannot be as easily heard by others. Thus, during covert operations, forexample, the likelihood of someone other than the wearer undesirablyhearing sound from a two-way radio is substantially mitigated. Byreducing the sound volume, smaller, less powerful, and/or less expensivespeakers can be used. Placing the sound closer to the eardrum can makeit easier for the hearing impaired to hear.

Sound transmissive embodiments (such as those embodiments having a bore122 formed through stem 115) can similarly be used with a variety ofpersonal electronic devices that produce sound, including two-wayradios, cellular telephones, music devices, personal digital assistants(PDAs), desktop computers, laptop computers, notebook computers, pocketPCs, hearing aids, and other devices.

Referring now to FIG. 14, according to another embodiment the extension112 comprises one or more flanges 118 and 119 (similar to those of FIGS.4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, and/or 13), having a skin or covering 1111 formedthereover. Covering 1111 can be formed of a thin resilient material,such as rubber, such as that of which common balloons are formed.Optionally, foam or gel 1112 can be disposed between the covering 1111and flanges 118 and 119. Foam or gel 1112 can comprise a biocompatiblematerial, such as a silicon. Foam or gel 1112 can extend proximal offlange 119 if desired.

Foam or gel 1112 can be injected between covering 1111 and flanges 118and 119 through openings 141 (see FIG. 7), as discussed herein. Such acovering 1111 can be used with extension 112 shown in FIG. 7, where anextrudable substance (which can be a foam or gel) is injected into bore122 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) and passes through holes 141 to fill the voidbetween the flanges 118 and 119.

Thus, according to at least one exemplary embodiment the extension 112can comprise a tube (such as stem 115) and a skin or covering 1111(e.g., a rubber skin in one example), wherein foam or gel 1112 or someother resilient substance is disposed between the tube and the skin orcovering 1111. The tube can be formed of a flexible polymer material.However, the tube may alternatively be formed of a rigid polymer ormetal material. The tube, foam or gel 1112, and skin or covering 1111can be attached to one another via any desired combination of frictionfitting, adhesive bonding, and ultrasonic welding. The extension 112 canbe tapered to facilitate easy insertion into the ear canal 509 and toprovide a good fit therein.

Any desired combination of flanges, foam, fiber, and fabric can be usedto at least partially block the ear canal 509 and thereby mitigate thetransmission of sound therethrough. For example, the flange 118 of theextension 112 of FIG. 12 could be replaced with a section of foam or gelsimilar to the foam or gel 1112 shown in FIG. 14.

In various embodiments, the extension 112 can be bent as shown in FIGS.4-8 and 11-14 so as to better conform to the shape of the ear canal 509.Alternatively, extensions can be provided that are generally vertical(e.g., straight) as shown in FIGS. 15-18 further discussed herein. If anextension is generally vertical, it can be formed of a material that isbendable, so that the extension can conform, at least somewhat, to theshape of the ear canal 509 when inserted therein.

The aperture 161 (see FIG. 9) in earpiece 111 can be configured suchthat the extension 112 is positioned at the top of the ear canal 509, atthe bottom of the ear canal 509, at one side of the ear canal 509, or isapproximately centered in the ear canal 509. In one embodiment,configuring the aperture 161 such that the extension 112 is notapproximately centered causes the extension 112 to be biased toward aninner surface of the ear canal 509 and can help to keep the earpiece 111and extension 112 in the ear. In one embodiment, if the earpiece 111and/or the flanges 118 and 119 of the extension 112 are sufficient tokeep the earpiece 111 and the extension 112 in the ear, then theextension 112 can be positioned approximately in the center of the earcanal 509. Positioning the extension 112 approximately in the center ofthe ear canal 509 may be more comfortable for some wearers.

Any of the extensions disclosed herein that employ flanges can either beambidextrous (formed to fit either the right or left ear), or can bededicated to fit only one ear. Thus, the flanges can be either radiallysymmetric for use with either ear, or can be asymmetric such that theytend to be optimized for a particular ear (left or right). They can alsobe optimized in configuration so as to better fit a particular person'sear.

In certain embodiments, any of the flanges disclosed herein may beformed integrally with the stem of an associated extension. In otherembodiments, the flanges may be formed separate from the stem and may beformed of a different material with respect thereto.

In various embodiments, an extension may be provided with multipleflanges to advantageous effect over implementations employing fewerflanges. For example, in one embodiment, multiple flanges may permit anearpiece to be better secured in the ear. In another embodiment,multiple flanges may mitigate ambient sound before such sound reaches awearer's eardrum, particularly if the flanges do not have holes formedtherein. In another embodiment, multiple flanges may better prevent thesound of a radio or other sound device from escaping from the ear andthus prevent such sound from being undesirably heard by others,particularly if the flanges do not have holes formed therein.

FIGS. 15-20 illustrate several extensions that may be used with thevarious earpieces of the present disclosure. Referring now to FIG. 15,an extension 1118 can have three flanges 1121 formed upon stem 115thereof. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the use of moreflanges generally provides better sound reduction. The use of moreflanges can also better secure the extension 1118 within the ear canal509.

Referring now to FIG. 16, an extension 1119 can have four flanges 1121formed upon stem 115 thereof. Indeed, the extension 1119 can have anydesired number of flanges formed upon stem 115 thereof.

Referring now to FIGS. 17-19, an extension 1120 may include a stem 115covered with a resilient substance 1141 such as foam, fiber, or fabric.Foam, such as a polymer foam, can be used to define a portion of theextension 1120. In one embodiment, the foam is compressed before or asit enters the ear canal 509 and then expands so as to effectively blockat least a portion of the ear canal 509. In a similar manner, fiber,such as cotton, can be used to define a portion of the extension. Forexample, cotton can cover a portion of the extension in a manner similarto the way that cotton covers the end of a cotton swab. Cotton fiber issufficiently compressible and resilient so as to function in a mannersimilar to foam. Fabric, such as woven cotton, can similarly be used tocover a portion of the extension 1120. Any desired combination of foam,fiber, and fabric may be used. For example, cotton fabric can be used tocover cotton fiber.

Referring now to FIG. 19, the resilient substance 1141 can be tapered.In one embodiment, tapering the resilient substance 1141 makes itconform better to the shape of the ear canal 509. In one embodiment,tapering the resilient substance 1141 can make insertion thereof intothe ear canal 509 easier.

The resilient substance 1141 of FIGS. 17-19 can be formed over stem 115,as discussed above. Alternatively, the resilient substance 1141 can beattached to head 123 or the like without being formed over a stem. Forexample, the resilient substance 1141 can be attached to a shorter stemthat does not pass substantially therethrough. As a further example, theresilient substance 1141 can be attached directly to head 123 or thelike.

Referring now to FIG. 20, an extension 1122 is shown with a portion 1171that is inserted into the ear canal 509 and can be formed such that itdoes not substantially enter the ear canal 509. The portion 1171 can beformed of a rigid material or of a resilient substance. It can also beformed by providing a resilient layer over a substantially rigidmaterial. It need only enter the ear canal 509 far enough so as to beeffective in mitigating the level of ambient sound reaching the eardrum.

Referring now to FIG. 21, a lanyard 1181 can be used to interconnectearpieces 1182 (each having an extension 1183) to each other and/or toany other item. For example, lanyard 1181 can be used to connectearpieces 1182 to the wearer's clothing, e.g., shirt, jacket, hat,helmet, etc. Lanyard 1181 can interconnect earpieces 1182 that are bothconfigured as earplugs (both lack bores and are intended to mitigatesound exposure). Alternatively, one or both earpieces 1182 can beconfigured to transmit some sound, such as via the use of a bore fortransmitting sound from a two-way radio or the like.

In various exemplary embodiments, the stem of any of the extensions setforth in the present disclosure can be attached to any of the earpiecesset forth in the present disclosure in a variety of different ways thatfacilitate adjustment of the length of the extension within the earcanal 509 of a user. For example, the stem of the extension can beslidably attachable to the earpiece such that the length of theextension that extends inwardly (into the ear canal 509) from theearpiece can be adjusted by sliding the extension within the earpiece.One or more detents can also be formed upon the extension and/or theearpiece so as to inhibit undesirable movement of the extension withrespect to the earpiece once the length of the extension has been set.The detents can comprise bumps, rings, or any other desired structures.The detents can inhibit movement of the stem of the extension throughthe earpiece so as to tend to cause the extension to remain in placewith respect to the earpiece and thereby maintain a desired lengthadjustment of the extension.

Alternatively, friction can maintain a desired length adjustment of theextension with or without the use of detents. For example, the outerdiameter of the stem of the extension can be sized with respect to thediameter of the opening within the earpiece through which the extensionmoves so as to provide the desire amount of friction and thus thedesired ability of the extension to resist movement with respect to theearpiece.

The extension and/or the earpiece can have threads formed thereon suchthat adjustment of the length of the extension extending inwardly awayfrom the earpiece can be adjusted by turning the extension with respectto the earpiece. Thus, the extension can threadedly engage the earpiece.

In one embodiment, it is desirable to position the distal end of theextension between approximately two and approximately four millimetersfrom the eardrum. In one embodiment, it may be desirable to position thedistal end of the extension closer to the eardrum (such as approximately1 millimeter therefrom) and in another embodiment it may be desirable toposition the distal end of the extension farther from the eardrum.

Once the length adjustment of the extension has been performed, then theextension can be permanently attached to the earpiece such as byadhesive bonding, ultrasonic welding, or by any other desired means. Inthis manner, inadvertent changes to the adjustment of the extension canbe mitigated. Alternatively, no such permanent attachment can beperformed. In this manner, subsequent re-adjustment of the length of theextension can be performed if desired.

Referring now to FIG. 5, the distal end 125 of bore 122 defines a soundoutput port 126 of extension 112 in FIG. 5. Extension 112 is configuredsuch that sound output port 126 is positioned proximate the wearer'seardrum. That is, extension 112 can be configured so as to position adistal end 125 thereof proximate the eardrum. In this manner, soundtransmitted through bore 122 (such as sound from a two-way radio), isbrought close to the eardrum such that the volume of the sound requiredcan be substantially reduced. The distance between the output port 126and the eardrum can be varied. For example, the extension 112 canposition sound output port 126 within one, two, or three millimeters ofthe eardrum. The extension 112 can have a length of approximately ½inch. The extension can have a length of ⅝ inch or more. Referring nowto FIG. 25, the distal end 225 of bore 222, sound output port 226, andextension 212 may be similarly configured.

FIGS. 22-25 illustrate various embodiments of an extension 212 that maybe a configuration of extension 112 used with earpiece 111. For example,extension 212 may include a stem 215, flanges 218 and 219, a head 223,bevels 224, an output port 226, and dimensions D and F similar tocorresponding structures of extension 112. Referring now to FIG. 22, oneor more rings 221 can be formed upon the stem 215 to define detents. Theearpiece 111 can have similar rings formed in the aperture 161 thereof.The earpiece 111 can have grooves that are complimentary to rings 221formed in the aperture 161 thereof. The grooves can thus receive rings221 so as to retain the stem 215 in a desired position with respect tothe earpiece 111.

Referring now to FIG. 23, the stem 215 can have threads 241 formedthereon. The threads 241 can engage complimentary threads formed withinaperture 161 to facilitate adjustment of the length of stem 215 within auser's ear canal 509.

Referring now to FIG. 24, one or more bumps 251 can be formed upon thestem 215 to define detents. The earpiece 111 can have similar bumpsformed in the aperture 161 thereof. The earpiece 111 can havedepressions that are complimentary to bumps 251 formed in the openingthereof. The depressions can thus receive bumps 251 so as to retain thestem 215 in a desired position with respect to the earpiece 111.

A filter 252 can be inserted into bore 122 to selectively mitigate soundexposure. For example, a Hocks filter can be used to mitigate exposureto louder sounds, while still allowing a wearer to hear quieter sounds,such as speech.

Any desired combination of detents, e.g., rings, threads, and bumps, canbe used on the stem 215 and/or the earpiece 111 to facilitate adjustmentof the length of the stem 215 within a user's ear canal 509 and/or tohelp maintain the position (such as the adjusted position) of theextension 212 with respect to the earpiece 111.

Outer flange 219 (shown in FIGS. 22-24) can optionally be omitted.Indeed, extension 212 can comprise any desired number of flanges,including no flanges. In some applications, the primary reason forwearing the earpiece 111 may be to allow the wearer to better hear radiocommunications. In one embodiment, positioning output port 226 close tothe eardrum accomplishes this goal.

According to an embodiment, an extension can have a variable fit so thatthe extension can be adjusted in a manner that accommodates theparticular configuration of a user's ear canal 509. Thus, the extensioncan better seal the ear so as to inhibit the undesirable leakage ofsound through the ear canal 509 and can consequently mitigate hearingdamage due to such sound.

More particularly, the size of the extension can be changed by addingand/or removing attachments. By changing the size of the extension, itcan be made to better seal the ear while being comfortable to wear forextended periods of time. Further, a properly sized extension is lesslikely to loosen or fall out.

The extension can comprise a stem that is configured to be inserted intoa user's ear canal 509. One or more attachments can be configured toattach to the stein in a manner that at least partially defines a fit ofthe extension within an ear canal 509. Each attachment can individuallyvary the size, e.g., diameter, of the extension at a particular locationalong the length thereof so as to accommodate variations in the size,e.g., diameter, of the ear canal 509 of the user.

The attachments can have a minor cross-section that is either generallycircular in configuration or is non-circular in configuration. Thus, theattachments can have a minor cross-section that is generally square,rectangular, or elliptical in configuration, for example. Theattachments can have any desired minor cross-section. The minorcross-section of the extension can be defined herein as a cross-sectionthat has a diameter of dimension C of FIGS. 31 and 32. Minorcross-sections are shown with cross-hatching in FIGS. 32 and 33.

The attachments can have a major cross-section that is either generallycircular in configuration or is non-circular in configuration. The majorcross-sectional configuration of the attachments can be matched to thecross-sectional configuration of the user's ear canal 509 at thelocations where the attachments are to be placed when the extension isworn. Any desired combination of major cross-sections can be provided ona single extension. For example, one attachment can have a circularmajor cross-section and another attachment can have a non-circular majorcross-section. The major cross-section of the extension can be definedherein as a cross-section that has a diameter of dimension A of FIG. 31.The major cross-section of an attachment will generally conform to thecross-section of the ear canal 509 at the location where the attachmentis disposed when the extension is worn.

The stem can have one or more flanges formed thereon. The attachmentscan be placed on the stem proximate the flanges. For example, theattachments can be placed upon the stem such that the attachments aresubstantially covered by the flanges. The flanges can curve outwardly(away from the eardrum) so as to substantially cover the attachments.

Alternatively, the flanges can not extend sufficiently far from theextension so as to substantially cover the attachments. For example, theflanges can comprise bumps upon the extension or rings around theextension that do not extend substantially far therefrom and that definedetents that tend to hold the attachments in a desired position.

Alternatively, the extension can have no flanges. In this instance, theattachments can be placed in any desired position upon the stem. Whetheror not the extension has flanges, the attachments can fit within groovesand/or indentations in the extension and/or can be adhesively bonded inplace.

Referring now to FIGS. 26 and 27, an embodiment can comprise an earpiece311 to which an extension 312 is attached. Earpiece 311 includes agenerally arcuate rib 313, a generally vertical rib 314, an upper lobe316, a smooth curve 317, and a bore 322 as similarly provided inearpiece 111.

Earpiece 311 is configured to be disposed in the concha of the outerear. Extension 312 is configured to be disposed within the ear canal509. The outer or major diameter of at least portions of the extension312 can be varied so as to vary the fit of the extension 312 within theear canal 509. The major diameter of the extension 312 is the majordiameter of an attachment thereof and is indicated as dimension A inFIG. 31.

For example, attachments 320 can be added to the extension 312 atdesired locations along the length thereof so as to vary the majordiameter of the extension 312 at these locations. In this manner, adesired fit of the extension 312 to the ear canal 509 can be obtained atthese locations. Often, a snug but comfortable fit is desired. The fitcan be tight enough so as to substantially mitigate sound leakage aroundthe extension 312 without causing discomfort. Such a fit tends to causethe extension 312 to maintain its desired position within the ear canal509, with or without the use of the earpiece 311.

Thus, the extension 312 can be used either with or without the earpiece311. When the extension 312 is used without the earpiece 311, it canextend far enough out of the ear so as to facilitate grasping andmanipulation thereof. A small string or lanyard can extend from theproximal end of the extension 312 to facilitate such handling andmanipulation.

The attachments 320 can be either substantially resilient orsubstantially rigid. For example, the attachments 320 can be formed of aresilient polymer such as rubber or silicone rubber. In one embodiment,the attachments 320 can have a Shore A durometer of betweenapproximately 35 and approximately 45. For example, the attachments 320can have a Shore A durometer of approximately 40.

According to an embodiment, extension 312 comprises a stem 315 and twoflanges 318 and 319. Extension 312 can comprise any desired number offlanges, including no flanges at all. Stem 315 can either be solid (soas to substantially block sound) or hollow (so as to substantiallytransmit sound). Stem 315 can also be partially hollow (so as toselectively transmit sound).

With particular reference to FIG. 26, the attachments 320 can compriseo-rings 3121 and 3122. The o-rings 3121 and 3122 of FIG. 26 are shownseparated from the extension 312 and ready for attachment thereto. Theo-rings 3121 and 3122 can be attached to extension 312 by sliding theo-rings 3121 and 3122 over the inner flange 318 and/or the outer flange319. A readily removable lubricant, such as liquid soap, can facilitatesuch sliding.

With particular reference to FIG. 27, the o-rings 3121 and 3122 can bedisposed upon extension 312 such that the o-rings 3121 and 3122 are nextto and substantially covered by the flanges 318 and 319. Thus, theo-rings 3121 and 3122 can maintain the flanges 318 and 319 in agenerally fully opened or extended configuration and thereby mitigatecollapse of the flanges.

As discussed above, the two o-rings 3121 and 3122 of FIG. 26 can be slidover the extension 312 so as to be positioned substantially under theflanges 318 and 319 as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27. The o-ring attachments3121 and 3122 can have different inner diameters (dimension B of FIG.31) so as to fit upon portions of the extension 312 having differentdiameters. As shown in FIG. 26, o-ring 3121 has slightly smaller innerand outer diameters than o-ring 3122. The o-rings 3121 and 3122 can havedifferent outer diameters (dimension A of FIG. 31) so as to better fitthe ear canal 509 in portions thereof having different diameters.

Referring now to FIG. 28, the extension 312 and/or earpiece 311 can beused with a cable assembly to facilitate communication, such as via atwo-way radio or a cellular telephone. The extension 312 and/or earpiece311 can similarly be used with a cable assembly to facilitate listeningto music from a music device. The cable assembly can comprise an upperportion 3100, as shown in FIG. 28 and a lower portion 31300, as shown inFIG. 29. Upper portion 3100 can be connected to lower portion 31300 toform the complete cable assembly.

The upper portion 3100 can comprise an earpiece 311 that is configuredto fit within the concha of a user's ear so as to transmit sound (suchas incoming cellular telephone transmissions, music, or other sound) tothe user's eardrum.

Earpiece 311 can be attached to acoustic tubing 3102, such as via barbedfitting 3103. Acoustic tubing 3102 can be curved so as to facilitateeasy routing thereof behind the ear. Speaker 3200 can be worn directlybehind the ear, behind the ear at the neck, in front of the ear, in theear, or at any other desired location. Either acoustic tubing 3102 fromspeaker 3200 or electrical cable 3106 to speaker 3200 can pass by orbehind the ear. Barbed fitting 3103 can be an elbow fitting.

Acoustic tubing 3102 can be attached to speaker 3200, such as via abarbed fitting 3202. Speaker 3200 can comprise upper 3500 and lower 3800housings. A multi-conductor electrical cable 3106 can extend fromspeaker 3200 to a connector, such as female connector 3300 thatelectrically connects upper portion 3100 of the cable assembly to lowerportion 31300. For example, electrical cable 3106 can comprise twoconductors that facilitate operation of speaker 3200. Strain relief 3108can be provided for electrical cable 3106 at connector 3300. Electricalcable 3106 can comprise coils 3107 that allow it to stretch as necessaryto fit a particular individual.

Electrical cable 3106 can provide electrical signals to speaker 3200.Speaker 3200 can convert such electrical signals into acoustic signalsrepresentative thereof (and generally representative of speech or musicsuch as that received from a cellular telephone, music device, or thelike).

Referring now to FIG. 29, lower cable assembly 31300 can comprise amicrophone 31400 that is configured to attach to the user's clothing,such as proximate the user's mouth. For example, microphone 31400 canclip to the user's lapel. A connector, such as male connector 31301, canfacilitate electrical connection of lower cable assembly 31300 to upperportion of cable assembly 3100 to define a complete cable assembly, asmentioned above. The microphone 31400 can be omitted for applicationsthat do not require it, such as listening to a music device.

A connector 31302, such as a stereo phono plug, can be used to connectlower cable assembly 31300 (and consequently the complete cableassembly) to a personal electronic device. Connector 31302, e.g., aphone plug, can plug directly into the personal electronic device.

Cable 31303 facilitates electrical connection between microphone 31400and connector 31302. Similarly, cable 31304 facilitates electricalconnection between upper portion of cable assembly 3100 and connector31302. Cable 31303 and cable 31304 can join at Y-joint 31306 to formsingle cable 31305. Y-joint 31306 can comprise a housing similar inconstruction to the speaker housing. Cable 31303 can be omitted for usewith a music device.

More particularly, an upper Y-joint housing portion 31311 and a lowerY-joint housing portion 31312 can be formed of a durable, substantiallyrigid material. For example, upper Y-joint housing portion 31311 andlower Y-joint housing portion 31312 can be formed of a metal or alloy,such as a metal or alloy comprised of aluminum (anodized aluminum, forexample), titanium, magnesium, or steel. Alternatively, upper Y-jointhousing portion 31311 and lower portion 31312 can be formed of apolymer, such as ABS, polycarbonate, or high density polyethylene. Upperportion 31311 can attach to lower portion 31312 via threads, frictionfit, adhesive bonding, ultrasonic welding, or by any other desiredmethod. A push to talk (PTT) switch 31904 can optionally be provided.

Microphone 31400 can be removably attachable to lower cable assembly31300, such as via a connector. Alternatively, microphone 31400 can bepermanently attached to 31300 lower cable assembly, such as by being anintegral part thereof. Microphone 31400 can be contained within amicrophone housing 31600.

Referring now to FIG. 30, Y-joint 31306 can be used to form a twospeaker/two earpiece cable, such as for stereo listening to a musicdevice. Optionally, the microphone 31400 can be included, such as byadditionally having microphone cable 31303 branch off from Y-joint 31306as well.

Instead of having two separate speakers for a stereo configuration asshown in FIG. 30, the cable assembly can alternatively have a singlespeaker that provides sound to both earpieces to define a monauralconfiguration. For example, a single speaker can be placed at Y-joint31306 and two acoustic tubes can lead therefrom to earpieces 311.

The cable assemblies of FIGS. 28-30 are further disclosed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/696,987 filed on Apr. 5, 2007 and entitledCELLULAR TELEPHONE CABLE ASSEMBLY, the entire contents of which arehereby expressly incorporated by reference. Examples of suitableearpieces are disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/411,314filed on Apr. 26, 2006 and entitled EARPIECE WITH EXTENSION, the entirecontents of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference.

Referring now to FIGS. 31 and 32, the attachments 320 can be provided ina variety of sizes, i.e., outer diameters and/or cross-sectionalconfigurations, so as to facilitate fitting of the extension to avariety of sizes and configurations of ear canals 509. For example, anattachment can be one of o-rings 3121 and 3122. O-rings 3121 and 3122can have an outer diameter, dimension A, that is between approximately 4mm and approximately 12 mm. The o-rings 3121 and 3122 can have an innerdiameter of between approximately 2 mm and approximately 4 mm. Theo-rings 3121 and 3122 can have a minor diameter of between approximately1 mm and approximately 6 mm.

As used herein, the term “minor diameter” can be defined as the diameterof a cross-section of the material of the attachment or o-ring, asdesignated by dimension C in FIGS. 31 and 32.

Referring now to FIG. 33, the cross-sectional configuration of theattachment 320 can alternatively be non-circular. For example, thecross-sectional configuration of the attachment can be more rectangularor square. The attachments 320 can have any desired cross-sectionalconfiguration.

Referring now to FIG. 34, an attachment 3110 can have two substantiallyflat surfaces. For example, the surface 3101 that contacts the stem 315and the surface 3111 that is opposite the flange 318 can be flat. Thesurface 3104 that contacts the flange 318 can be rounded so as to betterconform to the shape of the flange 318. By making the surface 3101 thatcontacts the stem 315 flat, the attachment 3110 is less likely to moveundesirably upon the stem 315. Making the surface 3111 opposite theflange 318 flat provides a better fit of the attachment 3110 to theextension 312.

Referring now to FIG. 35, the attachment 3110 is shown installed uponthe extension 312. Surface 3101 encircles and generally contacts stem315. Surface 3111 is opposite flange 318.

A method of fitting an extension can comprise attaching at least oneattachment to a stem. The attachments can be selected from a pluralityof available attachments of various sizes, shapes, and/or material. Thesizes, shapes, and/or materials can be selected so as to compliment thesize and shape of the user's ear canal 509. That is, larger attachments(those having larger outer diameters) can be selected for positions uponthe stem corresponding to larger (larger inner diameter) portions of theuser's ear canal 509. The attachments can be selected such that when thestem is disposed within the ear canal 509, then the attachment contactstissue of the ear canal 509 about a substantial portion of the peripherythereof.

Attachments can be selected during the fitting process by either the useof measurements or by trial and error. The ear canal 509 can bemeasured, either quantitatively or qualitatively, and the size of theattachment can be determined from such measurements. Eitheralternatively or in combination with such measurements, attachments canbe tried and used or not used based upon their comfort andeffectiveness.

One or more embodiments can be used to mitigate exposure to ambientsound. For example, one or more embodiments can be used alone, e.g.,without an electronic device. Alternatively, one or more embodiments canbe used with an electronic device such as a two-way radio, a cellulartelephone, a computer, a music device, or the like. When used with anelectronic device, the extension can still mitigate exposure to ambientsound.

In one embodiment, an earpiece assembly (e.g., including an earpiece andan extension in this embodiment) can further include a housing withinwhich the speaker is disposed and via which the speaker is attached tothe earpiece. The housing can be formed of a metal such as aluminum.Alternatively, the housing can be formed of a polymer such as ABS orpolycarbonate. Indeed, the housing can comprise any desired combinationof materials. For example, the body of the housing can comprise aluminumand the cap of the housing can comprise ABS.

According to an embodiment, the earpiece assembly can comprise amicrophone either in addition to or in place of the speaker. The use ofa microphone facilitates the use of the earpiece assembly in two waycommunications, such as via a cellular telephone or a two-way radio. Asingle transducer can function as both a microphone and a speaker.

The microphone and speaker can be disposed within the same housing.Alternatively, the microphone and speaker can be disposed withinseparate housings. The microphone can be disposed upon a boom. Forexample, the microphone can be disposed upon a boom that extends fromthe housing to a point proximate a corner of the user's mouth. Themicrophone can be disposed at a point approximately one half of the waybetween the housing and the corner of the user's mouth.

One or more cables can extend from the housing so as to effectelectrical communication with the microphone and/or speaker. Forexample, an electrical cable containing two pairs of wires can extendfrom the housing to a two-way radio. One pair of wires can communicatereceived voice from the radio to the speaker and the other pair of wirescan communicate voice from the microphone to the radio.

The speaker can comprise a balanced armature speaker. Alternatively, thespeaker can be any other desired type of speaker.

According to an embodiment, the earpiece assembly can comprise anextension attached to one side of the earpiece via a friction fit and ahousing having a barbed fitting attached to another side of the earpieceby inserting the barbed fitting through the earpiece and into theinsert. Thus, the barbed fitting of the housing can attach the housing,earpiece, and extension to one another. Adhesive bonding, ultrasonicwelding, and/or any other method can be used to enhance such attachment.

The earpiece and the extension can be integrally formed with oneanother. The earpiece and the extension can be formed of the samematerial. Similarly, the earpiece, the extension, and the housing can beintegrally formed with one another. The earpiece, the extension, and thehousing can be formed of the same material.

Referring now to FIGS. 36 and 37, an earpiece assembly may include anearpiece 4101 with a microphone/speaker 4201 (e.g., a microphone, aspeaker, and/or electronic circuitry, see FIG. 37) attached thereto. Theearpiece 4101 can be configured to fit within a concha of a user's ear.The microphone/speaker 4201 can be disposed within a housing 4102 andcan be attached to the earpiece 4101 via the housing 4102. The housing4102, and consequently the microphone/speaker 4201, can be disposedwithin the concha, outside of the concha, or partially inside andpartially outside of the concha. Optionally, the housing 4102 can beomitted and the microphone/speaker 4201 can be attached more directly tothe earpiece 4101.

Optionally, an extension 4103 can be attached to the earpiece 4101. Theextension can be configured to extend into a user's ear canal 509. Theextension 4103 can be configured so as to direct sound from themicrophone/speaker 4201 through the ear canal 509 to the eardrum of auser. For example, sound from the microphone/speaker 4201 can travelthrough a bore (4501 of FIG. 40) of the housing 4102, through a bore(4301 of FIGS. 37 and 38) in the earpiece 4101, and through a bore (4401of FIG. 39) in the extension 4103.

An electrical cable 4110 can extend from housing 4102. The cable 4110can comprise a plurality of conductors for communicating electricalsignals representative of sound with the microphone and/or speaker ofthe earpiece assembly.

Electronic circuitry of microphone/speaker 4201 can comprise anattenuator, amplifier, filter, or other sound processing circuitry. Suchcircuitry can comprise a microprocessor and/or digital sound processingcircuitry.

Microphone/speaker 4201 can comprise a wireless microphone that receivesa radio signal and converts the radio signal into sound. The radiosignal can be received from a local source and/or a remote source. Theradio signal can be received from a local source such as the user's owntwo-way radio. For example, the speaker output of the user's two-wayradio can be re-modulated and transmitted to the microphone/speaker 4201so as to define a wireless link between the two-way radio and themicrophone/speaker 4201.

The radio signal can be received from a remote source such as a remotelylocated two-way radio (someone else's two-way radio). In this manner,someone else can communicate covertly with the user (the user does notneed to carry a two-way radio).

Referring now to FIG. 38, the earpiece 4101 can have a generally arcuaterib 4106 and a generally vertical rib 4107 that cooperate to hold theearpiece 4101 within the concha of a user's ear. Generally arcuate rib4106 and generally vertical rib 4107 can be configured so as to define ageneral likeness of the letter D.

Bore 4301 can extend through a portion of the generally vertical rib4107, such as proximate where the generally vertical rib 4107 joins thegenerally arcuate rib 4106 at the lower portion thereof. Sound can passthrough bore 4301. A portion of extension 4103 and/or housing 4102 canpass through bore 4301.

The earpiece 4101 can have an upper lobe 4302 formed at the top thereofand a smooth rounded surface 4303 formed at the bottom thereof.Optionally, the earpiece 4101 can have a similar lobe (not shown) formedat the bottom thereof.

Referring now to FIG. 39, the extension 4103 can have a stem 4402 thathas one or more flanges 4403 and 4404 formed thereon. The inner flange4403 can be smaller than the outer flange 4404, so as to better conformto the shape of a user's ear canal 509.

Bore 4401 can facilitate the transmission of sound through the extension4103 toward the user's eardrum. Bore 4401 can also facilitate theinsertion of a tube 4502 (FIG. 40) of housing 4102 therein so as toattach the housing 4102 to the extension 4103.

Referring now to FIG. 40, a housing 4102 for the microphone/speaker 4201can comprise a body 4506, a cap 4507, and tube 4502. Themicrophone/speaker 4201 can be disposed within the body 4506, such aswithin a cavity therein. The cap 4507 can seal the microphone/speaker4201 within the body 4506. The cap 4507 can be attached to the body 4506by threads, adhesive bonding, welding, soldering, brazing, ultrasonicwelding, friction fit, snap fit, detents, friction welding, or by anyother desired method.

One or more apertures 4511 and 4512 facilitate the introduction ofconductors, e.g., electrical cables, into the housing 4102 so as toprovide electrical communication between the microphone/speaker 4201 anda radio or the like. Apertures 4511 and 4512 can be used to mount boommicrophone 4602 (see FIG. 41).

The housing 4102 containing the microphone/speaker 4201 can be attachedto the earpiece 4101 and the extension 4103 as shown in FIG. 36.Alternatively, the housing 4102 can be attached to the earpiece 4101 andthe extension 4103 can be omitted. As a further alternative, the housing4102 can be attached to the extension 4103, and the earpiece 4101 can beomitted.

The microphone/speaker 4201 can be attached to the earpiece 4101 and/orthe extension 4103 without the use of a housing. For example, themicrophone/speaker 4201 can be attached to or embedded within theearpiece 4101 and/or the extension 4103. The microphone/speaker 4201 canbe attached to or embedded within the earpiece 4101 and the extension4103 can be omitted. The microphone and/or speaker 4201 can be attachedto or embedded within the extension 4103, and the earpiece 4101 can beomitted.

One or more barbs 4503 can be formed upon tube 4502, such as upon theinner end thereof, so as to facilitate secure attachment of housing 4102to earpiece 4101 and/or extension 4103. The barb(s) 4503 can engage thebore 4401 of extension 4103. Other means for facilitating secureattachment of the housing 4102 to the tube 4502 can be used. Forexample, threads can be formed upon the tube 4502 for securely attachingthe tube 4502 into the bore 4401 of extension 4103.

Referring now to FIG. 41, a boom microphone 4602 can be mounted to thedistal end of boom 4601. The boom 4601 can be attached to housing 4102,such as via one of the apertures 4511 and 4512. The boom 4601 can beattached to housing 4102 via threads, adhesive bonding, or any otherdesired method. The boom 4601 can alternatively be attached to theearpiece 4101 and/or the extension 4103.

Boom microphone 4602 can be used with or instead of themicrophone/speaker 4201 disposed within housing 4102. Thus, eithermicrophone can be used alone or both microphones can be used together.

The microphone/speaker 4201 disposed within housing 4102 can be used toprovide processed, e.g., amplified and/or filtered, ambient sound to theuser (in a manner similar to that of a hearing aid) and the boommicrophone 4602 can be used to provide voice from the user to a two-wayradio or cellular telephone. The microphone/speaker 4201 disposed withinhousing 4102 can be used to provide voice from the user to a two-wayradio or cellular telephone.

The boom 4601 can be a telescoping boom. The use of a telescoping boomreadily facilitates changes in the length thereof, so as to facilitatedesired placement of the boom microphone 4602. The boom 4601 can be abendable boom. The use of a bendable boom readily facilitates changes inthe position of the distal end thereof, so as to facilitate desiredplacement of the boom microphone 4602.

According to an embodiment, a method for assembling an earpiece assemblycomprises inserting an outer end of a flanged extension into an apertureon an inner side of an earpiece and inserting a barbed fitting of ahousing through an aperture on an outer side of the earpiece and into abore of the flanged extension.

One or more embodiments eliminate the use of acoustic tubing so as toprovide enhanced audio quality to the user. Elimination of acoustictubing tends to provide a higher intensity audio signal to the userbecause sound is not attenuated by the acoustic tubing. Thus, the volumeof the radio, cellular telephone, music device or the like can bereduced. A smaller, lower wattage speaker can be used since the speakerdoes not require the additional power necessary to compensate forattenuation caused by acoustic tubing.

The elimination of acoustic tubing also facilitates the construction ofa smaller, lighter, more comfortable, and less conspicuous earpieceassembly. The earpiece assembly is smaller and lighter because it doesnot have the extra weight and bulk of the acoustic tubing.

The earpiece assembly is more comfortable because the electrical cablethat passes over the ear to communicate a signal representative of soundis substantially smaller than acoustic tubing. In one embodiment,acoustic tubing can be one eighth of an inch in outer diameter. In oneembodiment, an electrical cable can be one thirty-second of an inch toone sixteenth of an inch in outer diameter, or even smaller. The use ofsuch smaller electrical cable in place of the larger acoustic tubingmakes the earpiece assembly substantially less obtrusive andconspicuous.

Referring now to FIG. 42, a left human ear or pinna 500 typically hasanatomical structures such as a cymba concha 501, a concha bowl 508, aridge 502 of the concha bowl 508, a cavum concha 503, an antitragus 504,a tragus 505, a helix 507, a crus 506 of helix 507, and an antihelix510. The right pinna (not shown) is generally similar to the left pima500 and can be substantially a mirror image thereof.

According to an embodiment, examples of grab points 1-7 are provided byat least some of the various anatomical structures of the pinna 500. Thegrab points 1-7 and/or anatomical structures of the ear proximate thegrab points 1-7 can grab or otherwise hold, capture, and/or maintain theearpiece 111 (see FIG. 11, for example) within the pinna 500, e.g.,within the concha bowl 508 thereof. For example, the grab points 1-7 candefine detents, grabbers, locks, fingers, tabs, or other structures orfeatures that engage the earpiece 111 and mechanically limit undesirablemovement of the earpiece 111.

Thus, the grab points 1-7 can tend to resist movement of the earpiece111. More particularly, the grab points 1-7 can tend to resist movementof the earpiece 111 that would result in separation of the earpiece 111from the pinna 500. The grab points 1-7 can capture the earpiece 111substantially within the concha bowl 508. The grab points 1-7 can tendto resist other movement of the earpiece 111. For example, the grabpoints can tend to resist translational or rotational movement of theearpiece 111 that would move the earpiece 111 away from a desiredposition substantially within the concha bowl 508. The earpiece 111 canbe configured to complement a portion of the pinna 500, so as tofacilitate the use of the grab points 1-7. For example, the earpiece 111can be substantially a mirror image of one or more portions of the pinna500.

According to an embodiment, a first grab point 1 can be at a forward anduppermost end of the cymba concha 501. A front, top portion 171 (seeFIG. 11) of the earpiece 111 can be disposed underneath the ridge of thecymba concha 501 and behind the helix 507 just above the crus 506 ofhelix 507.

According to an embodiment, a second grab point 2 can be located where atop rim 172 (see FIG. 11) of the earpiece 111 fits snugly under or putspressure against a top part of the ridge 502 of the concha bowl 508.According to an embodiment, a third grab point 3 can be the underneathlower portion 173 (see FIG. 11) of the earpiece 111 when the earpiece111 is placed within the concha bowl 508. The lower portion 173 of theearpiece 111 can be captured beneath the ems 506 of helix 507. Accordingto an embodiment, a middle front part 174 (FIG. 11) of the earpiece 111can go over the crus 506 of helix 507 and slightly into the ear canal509 to define a fourth grab point 4 on top of and underneath the crus506 of helix 507. According to an embodiment, a fifth grab point 5 canextend from where a top part of the cavum concha 503 splits into thenarrow flexible ring that forms itself to the backside of the conchabowl 508. The fifth grab point 5 can grab the back side 175 (see FIG.11) of the earpiece 111.

According to an embodiment, a sixth grab point 6 can be defined at thebottom of the pinna 500. The sixth grab point 6 can grab the earpiece111 at the flare 176 (FIG. 11) of the earpiece 111. The flare 176 cancontinue around to the underside of the antitragus 504 and the rim ofthe outer portion of the ear canal 509.

According to an embodiment, a seventh grab point 7 can be defined. Theseventh grab point can be defined by the underside of the tragus 505.The seventh grab point 7 can grab the lower portion 173 of the earpiece111. According to some embodiments, a structure such as the top of theprotrusion 20 (see FIGS. 2A-C) and/or a structure such as the top of theextension 112 or 212, or stem 115, 215, or 4402, can contact the earproximate grab point 4 and/or a structure such as the bottom of theprotrusion 20 and/or a structure such as the bottom of the extension 112or 212, or stem 115, 215, or 4402, can contact the ear proximate grabpoint 7.

According to various embodiments, additional grab points can beprovided. For example, an eighth grab point (not shown) and a ninth grabpoint (not shown) can be provided within the ear canal 509 by using anergonomically shaped extension (such as extension 112 or 212) or stem(such as stem 115, 215, or 4402). By use of the term ergonomic, it canbe meant that the extension or stem substantially conforms to thedirection of a first bend of the ear canal 509. Thus, the extension orstem can slide into the ear canal 509 more easily and can tend to centeritself into the central portion of the ear canal 509. The extension orstem can apply pressure to the bottom of the ear canal 509 or to all ofthe ear canal 509 so as to seal the ear canal 509 and thus provide soundattenuation.

According to an embodiment, the extension or stem can be short and haveno flanges. The extension or stem can push up against the top part ofthe ear canal 509 to fault yet another grab point. The ergonomic aspectsof the extension or stem can keep an opening (such as from which soundis directed toward the ear drum) formed in the extension or stemgenerally centered within the ear canal 509. Thus, the extension or stemcan be configured such that the distal end of the extension or stem doesnot undesirably abut a wall of the ear canal 509 in the manner that astraight earplug does.

In another embodiment, a further grab point may be provided by thetragus 505 and the antitragus 504. In this regard, in an embodimentwhere an earpiece (e.g., earpiece 10 of FIG. 1) is provided with a lowerlobe (e.g., lower lobe 16 shown in FIG. 1), such a lower lobe may bepositioned between the tragus 505 and the antitragus 504 which may pressagainst the lower lobe to assist in holding the earpiece in place andresist movement thereof.

The configuration and size of the anatomical structures and features ofthe human ear can vary substantially from one individual to another. Notall of the described grab points will necessarily limit the motion ofthe earpiece 111 in every instance. In some ears, only a portion of thegrab points will limit the motion of the earpiece 111. Other anatomicalstructures or features of the ear can function as grab points. Thus, thediscussion and illustration of grab points is by way of example only,and not by way of limitation.

There is a common problem associated with the use of contemporaryearplugs, whereby the earplugs can be pushed further and further intothe ear canal 509. Over time, as the earplugs are worn, the ear becomesdesensitized to the presence of the earplugs. Because of thisdesensitization, a user can tend to push the contemporary earplugsfurther into the ear canal 509 with each subsequent use. Of course, itis not desirable to push the earplugs further and further into the earcanal 509. When pushed in too far, an earplug can cause substantialdiscomfort and damage to the eardrum.

According to an embodiment, the earpiece 111 keeps the extension 112from being pushed past the second turn of the ear canal 509. Acontemporary earplug (which lacks the earpiece 111) can be undesirablypushed past the second turn of the ear canal 509 after the ear canal 509has become desensitized to the earplug, as discussed above.

Further, there are situations in which a person wearing earplugs issubjected to rapid compression. For example, the person can bedescending while scuba diving, flying, or skydiving. In such situations,contemporary earplugs can be undesirably pushed further into the earcanal 509, potentially to the point of contacting and/or damaging theeardrum.

According to various embodiments, the Hocks filter 151 (see FIG. 8)and/or the bore 122 (see FIG. 5) allow air to pass through the earpiece111 and/or the extension 112. When air passes through the earpiece 111and/or the extension 112, pressure within the ear canal 509 can tend toequalize with respect to pressure outside of the ear canal 509. Thus,the extension 112 can be inhibited from being pushed further into theear canal 509 by such increasing external pressure. The earpiece 111also inhibits the extension 112 from being pushed further into the earcanal 509 by such increasing pressure, for example. According to anembodiment, the earpiece 111 can be configured such that at least onegrab point of an ear tends to hold the earpiece 111 within the ear. Moreparticularly, the earpiece 111 can be configured such that the grabpoints are defined by anatomical structures as discussed.

Referring now to FIGS. 43-48, various views of an earpiece 4300 areshown, according to an embodiment. As with the embodiment of FIGS. 2A-C,the lower lobe (such as lower lobe 16 of the earpiece 10 of FIG. 1), isomitted. Rather, instead of such a lower lobe, a smooth rounded surface17 is provided.

The generally arcuate rib 11 can have an upper end 4304 and a lower end4305. A generally vertical rib 12 can extend substantially between theupper end 4304 and the lower end 4305, and an upper lobe 15 can beformed at the upper end of the generally arcuate rib 11. A smooth bend17 can be formed at the lower end of the generally arcuate rib 11. Theearpiece can be configured to be generally shaped like a D. However,those skilled in the art will appreciate that other embodiments arelikewise suitable. For example, either the generally vertical rib 12 orthe generally arcuate rib 11 can be modified substantially or omitted.

Similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 2A-C, the earpiece 4300 can furthercomprise a protrusion 20 having a bore 21 formed therethrough. Theprotrusion 20 can be configured to extend at least partially into theear canal 509. The bore 21 can transmit sound, such as from a two-wayradio, to the wearer's eardrum. Alternatively, the bore 21 can beoccluded or omitted so as to facilitate hearing protection.

FIGS. 49-65 show an earpiece 4900 and/or attachment 5800 (also referredto as an arm), according to various embodiments. FIGS. 49-57 show theearpiece 4900 without the attachment 5800. FIGS. 58-62 show theattachment 5800 without the earpiece 4900. FIG. 63-65 show the assembledearpiece 4900 and attachment 5800.

Referring now to FIGS. 49-57 and 63-65, an earpiece 4900 can comprise agenerally arcuate rib 4901. Earpiece 4900 includes an upper lobe 4904.An upper end 4911 of the generally arcuate rib 4901 can be connected toa lower end 4912 of the generally arcuate rib 4901 via a generallyvertical rib 4903 and/or annulus 4902. The annulus 4902 can have a cover4905. The cover 4905 can be either partial, as shown, or can besubstantially complete such that the cover substantially closes theannulus 4902. The cover 4905 can be formed on the inboard (toward thehead) side of the annulus 4902 and/or on the outboard (away from thehead) side of the annulus 4902. The annulus 4902 can be approximatelycentered with respect to the outer opening of the ear canal 509.

Referring now to FIGS. 58-65, an attachment 5800 can be configured tomate with the earpiece 4900. For example, the attachment 5800 can have agenerally cylindrical protrusion 5801 that is configured to be receivedwithin the annulus 4902 such that the attachment 5800 can rotate withrespect to the earpiece 4900. The protrusion 5801 can define a malemember and the annulus 4902 can define a female member.

The attachment 5800 can have a speaker. For example, the protrusion 5801can either be a speaker and/or can contain a speaker. The attachment5800 can have an extension 5802. The extension 5802 can be connected tothe protrusion 5801 via a neck 5803, for example. The extension 5802 canbe oriented, e.g., rotated, to extend generally downwardly from theearpiece 4900. The extension 5802 can have a microphone 5804 disposedproximate the distal end thereof.

The extension 5802 can be a portion of a communications cable, awireless telecommunications device (e.g., a wireless audio headphone ora Bluetooth® headset with headphone and microphone), an audio headphone(e.g., an earbud), an earplug, or other type of device configured tomate with the earpiece.

The terms “stem,” “protrusion,” “extension,” “insert,” “ear insert,” andthe like can refer to a structure that protrudes from the earpiece andthat can be configured to extend into the ear canal 509.

One or more embodiments of the present invention provide an earpiecethat is more comfortable, less costly, easier to inventory, and moreeffective with respect to contemporary earpieces.

Although described herein as being for use in human ears, one or moreembodiments can also be used in non-human ears. For example, anembodiment can be configured for canine ears, so as to mitigate noiseexposure and or facilitate communication with police or military dogs.As those skilled in the art will appreciate, such dogs are commonlyexposed to noisy environments, such as those environments sometimesencountered in police work and on the battlefield. Further, it isfrequently desirable to communicate with such dogs. Their ability torespond to radio commands has been established.

Although both communications and hearing protection embodiments aredisclosed, it is worthwhile to appreciate that both embodiments canpossess attributes of one another and that the distinction between theembodiments is not always clear. For example, communication embodimentscan have features and functions of hearing protection. Communicationembodiments can substantially mitigate exposure to ambient sound.Features discussed herein in conjunction with one embodiment may be usedin the other embodiment.

In view of the foregoing, embodiments provide sound protection and/orcommunications facilitation in a manner that is comfortable, unobtrusive(and thus suitable for covert use), and effective. The earpiece is lesslikely to loosen or fall out as compared to contemporary earpieces orearplugs.

Embodiments described above illustrate but do not limit the invention.Thus, it should also be understood that numerous modifications andvariations are possible in accordance with the principles of the presentinvention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined only bythe following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A device comprising: an earpiece configured tofit within a concha, the earpiece comprising: a generally arcuate ribhaving upper and lower ends; a lobe formed at the upper end of the rib;wherein no lobe is formed at the lower end of the rib; and an extensionthat extends from the earpiece and is configured to fit in an ear canal.2. The device of claim 1, wherein the extension is generally solid, soas to mitigate communication of sound therethrough.
 3. The device ofclaim 1, wherein the extension comprises a bore configured to facilitatecommunication of sound therethrough.
 4. The device of claim 1, wherein:the extension is configured to attach to the earpiece such that a lengthof the extension that extends into an ear canal is adjustable; and theextension is at least one of slidably attached to the earpiece andthreadedly attached to the earpiece.
 5. The device of claim 1, whereinthe extension has at least one flange formed thereon.
 6. The device ofclaim 1, further comprising: a female member formed in the earpiece; andan arm having a male member formed on a proximal end thereof such thatthe male member is configured to be received within the female memberand to rotate within the female member.
 7. The device of claim 1,wherein the earpiece is configured such that at least one grab point ofan ear tends to hold the earpiece within the ear and the grab point isdefined by an anatomical structure selected from the list consisting of:a cymba concha; a ridge of a concha bowl; an antitragus; a tragus; ahelix; and a crus of a helix.
 8. The device of claim 1, furthercomprising at least one generally toroidal attachment configured toattach to the extension in a manner that at least partially defines afit of the extension within an ear canal.
 9. The device of claim 1,further comprising: an acoustic tube attached to the earpiece; a speakerattached to the acoustic tube; a cable assembly attached to the speaker;and a two-way radio attached to the cable assembly.
 10. A methodcomprising: providing an earpiece configured to fit in a concha, theearpiece comprising: a generally arcuate rib having upper and lowerends; a lobe formed at the upper end of the rib; wherein no lobe isformed at the lower end of the rib; and attaching an extensionconfigured to fit in an ear canal to the earpiece such that theextension extends from the earpiece.
 11. The method of claim 10,wherein: the extension is attached to the earpiece such that a length ofthe extension that extends into an ear canal is adjustable; and theextension is at least one of slidably attached to the earpiece andthreaded to the earpiece.
 12. The method of claim 10, further comprisingattaching at least one generally toroidal attachment to the extension ina manner that at least partially defines a fit of the extension withinan ear canal.
 13. The method of claim 10, further comprising: attachingan acoustic tube to the earpiece; attaching a speaker to the acoustictube; and attaching a cable assembly to the speaker.
 14. A methodcomprising: placing an earpiece in a concha, the earpiece comprising: agenerally arcuate rib having upper and lower ends; a lobe formed at theupper end of the rib; wherein no lobe is formed at the lower end of therib; and placing an extension attached to the earpiece into an earcanal.
 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising adjusting a lengthof the extension that extends into an ear canal by sliding the extensionwith respect to the earpiece.
 16. The method of claim 14, furthercomprising adjusting a length of the extension that extends into an earcanal by screwing the extension with respect to the earpiece.
 17. Themethod of claim 14, further comprising attaching at least one generallytoroidal attachment to the extension in a manner that at least partiallydefines a fit of the extension within an ear canal.
 18. The method ofclaim 14, further comprising attaching an acoustic tube to the earpiece.19. The method of claim 14, further comprising attaching a cableassembly to the earpiece.
 20. The method of claim 14, furthercomprising: attaching a cable assembly to the earpiece; and connecting atwo-way radio to the cable assembly.